David’s Triumphs
(1 Chronicles 18:1–13; Psalms 60:1–12)
The expansion of David’s empire through military victories...
The expansion of David’s empire through military victories (8:1–14) and the establishment of his royal bureaucracy (8:15–18) fulfilled God’s promise of a famous name (7:9; cp. 8:13).
1Some time later, David defeated the Philistines, subdued them, and took Metheg-ammah† from the hand of the Philistines.
2David also defeated the Moabites, made them lie down on the ground, and measured them off with a cord. He measured off with two lengths those to be put to death, and with one length those to be spared. So the Moabites became subject to David and brought him tribute.
3David also defeated Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah, who had marched out to restore his dominion along the Euphrates River.† 4David captured from him a thousand chariots, seven thousand charioteers,† and twenty thousand foot soldiers, and he hamstrung all the horses except a hundred he kept for the chariots.
5When the Arameans of Damascus came to help King Hadadezer of Zobah, David struck down twenty-two thousand of their men. 6Then he placed garrisons in Aram of Damascus, and the Arameans became subject to David and brought him tribute. So the LORD made David victorious wherever he went.
7And David took the gold shields that belonged to the officers of Hadadezer and brought them to Jerusalem. 8And from Betah† and Berothai, cities of Hadadezer, King David took a large amount of bronze.
9When King Toi† of Hamath heard that David had defeated the entire army of Hadadezer, 10he sent his son Joram† to greet King David and bless him for fighting and defeating Hadadezer, who had been at war with Toi. Joram brought with him articles of silver and gold and bronze,
Captured war booty and diplomatic exchanges went into...
Captured war booty and diplomatic exchanges went into God’s treasury rather than the king’s treasury. Voluntary gifts (8:11a) and plunder exacted from defeated foes (8:11b-12) also were dedicated . . . to the Lord.
11and King David dedicated these to the LORD, along with the silver and gold he had dedicated from all the nations he had subdued— 12from Edom† and Moab, from the Ammonites and Philistines and Amalekites, and from the spoil of Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah.
These two verses highlight three of David’s war...
- These two verses highlight three of David’s war policies: (1) inflict heavy damage on the enemy (18,000 casualties); (2) reduce them to vassalage (they became David’s subjects); (3) place army garrisons in the conquered territory to maintain control over them.
- Edomites: This name is very similar to Arameans in old Hebrew script. Edomites is more likely, however, because the Valley of Salt (the Dead Sea area) was adjacent to Edomite, not Aramean, territory.
13And David made a name for himself when he returned from striking down eighteen thousand Edomites† in the Valley of Salt. 14He placed garrisons throughout Edom, and all the Edomites were subject to David. So the LORD made David victorious wherever he went.
David’s Officers
David’s bureaucracy included (1) military officials (Joab); (2)...
David’s bureaucracy included (1) military officials (Joab); (2) a court historian (Jehoshaphat); (3) priests (Zadok and Ahimelech); (4) a scribe or court secretary (Seraiah); and (5) a security officer (Benaiah, who became a commander under Solomon; see also 1 Kgs 2:25–46).
15Thus David reigned over all Israel and administered justice and righteousness for all his people:
16Joab son of Zeruiah was over the army;
Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder;
17Zadok son of Ahitub and Ahimelech son of Abiathar were priests;
Seraiah† was the scribe;
18Benaiah son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and Pelethites;
and David’s sons were priestly leaders.†