Jehoahaz Succeeds Josiah
Jehoahaz, also known as Shallum (see Jeremiah 22:11),...
Jehoahaz, also known as Shallum (see Jeremiah 22:11), was not Josiah’s oldest son (1 Chronicles 3:15). The reason he was chosen as king is not explained. Pharaoh Neco quickly intervened, placing Jehoahaz’s older brother Eliakim in his place and renaming him Jehoiakim.
1Then the people of the land took Jehoahaz son of Josiah and made him king in Jerusalem in place of his father.
2Jehoahaz† was twenty-three years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem three months. 3And the king of Egypt dethroned him in Jerusalem and imposed on Judah a levy of a hundred talents of silver† and a talent of gold.†
4Then Neco king of Egypt made Eliakim brother of Jehoahaz king over Judah and Jerusalem, and he changed Eliakim’s name to Jehoiakim. But Neco took Eliakim’s brother Jehoahaz and carried him off to Egypt.
Jehoiakim Reigns in Judah
5Jehoiakim was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem eleven years. And he did evil in the sight of the LORD his God.
6Then Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came up against Jehoiakim and bound him with bronze shackles to take him to Babylon. 7Nebuchadnezzar also took to Babylon some of the articles from the house of the LORD, and he put them in his temple† in Babylon.
8As for the rest of the acts of Jehoiakim, the abominations he committed, and all that was found against him, they are indeed written in the Book of the Kings of Israel and Judah. And his son Jehoiachin reigned in his place.
Jehoiachin Reigns in Judah
The Chronicler focuses on Jehoiachin’s brief reign by...
The Chronicler focuses on Jehoiachin’s brief reign by mentioning his exile and the tribute paid from the temple instruments. The Babylonian Chronicle describes Jehoiachin's capture: “In the seventh year of Nebuchadnezzar, during the month of Kislev, the king of Akkad gathered his troops, marched to the land west of the Jordan, and set up camp against the city of Judah. On the second day of the month of Adar, he seized the city and captured the king.” Jehoiachin was taken captive on March 16, 597 BC and brought to Babylon about a month later.
Jehoiachin remained a captive in Babylon for thirty-seven years (see 2 Kings 25:27; Jeremiah 52:31).
The Chronicler focuses on Jehoiachin’s brief reign by mentioning his exile and the tribute paid from the temple instruments. The Babylonian Chronicle describes Jehoiachin's capture: “In the seventh year of Nebuchadnezzar, during the month of Kislev, the king of Akkad gathered his troops, marched to the land west of the Jordan, and set up camp against the city of Judah. On the second day of the month of Adar, he seized the city and captured the king.” Jehoiachin was taken captive on March 16, 597 BC and brought to Babylon about a month later.
Jehoiachin remained a captive in Babylon for thirty-seven years (see 2 Kings 25:27; Jeremiah 52:31).
9Jehoiachin was eighteen† years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem three months and ten days. And he did evil in the sight of the LORD.
10In the spring,† King Nebuchadnezzar summoned Jehoiachin and brought him to Babylon, along with the articles of value from the house of the LORD. And he made Jehoiachin’s relative† Zedekiah king over Judah and Jerusalem.
Zedekiah Reigns in Judah
(2 Kings 24:18–20; Jeremiah 52:1–3)
Jeremiah repeatedly advised Zedekiah to surrender to the...
Jeremiah repeatedly advised Zedekiah to surrender to the Babylonians instead of seeking help from Egypt (Jeremiah 25:1–11; 27:1–22; 34:1–22; 37:1–38:28). However, Zedekiah refused to humble himself and rebelled, breaking his oath.
11Zedekiah was twenty-one years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem eleven years. 12And he did evil in the sight of the LORD his God and did not humble himself before Jeremiah the prophet, who spoke for the LORD.
13He also rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him swear by God. But Zedekiah stiffened his neck and hardened† his heart against turning to the LORD, the God of Israel. 14Furthermore, all the leaders of the priests and the people multiplied their unfaithful deeds, following all the abominations of the nations, and they defiled the house of the LORD, which He had consecrated in Jerusalem.
The Fall of Jerusalem
15Again and again† the LORD, the God of their fathers, sent word to His people through His messengers because He had compassion on them and on His dwelling place. 16But they mocked the messengers of God, despising His words and scoffing at His prophets, until the wrath of the LORD against His people was stirred up beyond remedy.
17So He brought up against them the king of the Chaldeans,† who put their young men to the sword in the sanctuary, sparing neither young men nor young women, neither elderly nor infirm. God gave them all into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar, 18who carried off everything to Babylon—all the articles of the house of God, both large and small, and the treasures of the house of the LORD and of the king and his officials. 19Then the Chaldeans set fire to the house of God and broke down the wall of Jerusalem. They burned down all the palaces and destroyed every article of value.
20Those who escaped the sword were carried by Nebuchadnezzar into exile in Babylon, and they became servants to him and his sons until the kingdom of Persia came to power.
21So the land enjoyed its Sabbath rest all the days of the desolation, until seventy years were completed, in fulfillment of the word of the LORD spoken through Jeremiah.†
The Proclamation of Cyrus
Chronicles ends with verses that introduce the book...
Chronicles ends with verses that introduce the book of Ezra. King Cyrus of Persia allowed the people of Judah to have a new exodus, as the prophet Isaiah announced (Isaiah 40:1–11).
22In the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, to fulfill the word of the LORD spoken through Jeremiah, the LORD stirred the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia to send a proclamation throughout his kingdom and to put it in writing as follows:
23“This is what Cyrus king of Persia says:
‘The LORD, the God of heaven, who has given me all the kingdoms of the earth, has appointed me to build a house for Him at Jerusalem in Judah.
Whoever among you belongs to His people, may the LORD his God be with him, and may he go up.’”