The Resurrection of Christ
Paul summarizes the good news about Jesus he...
Paul summarizes the good news about Jesus he preached.
Some church members doubted a future resurrection of...
Some church members doubted a future resurrection of the dead. Paul reassures them and addresses their skeptical questions by discussing the nature of a resurrection body.
1Now, brothers, I want to remind you of the gospel I preached to you, which you received, and in which you stand firm. 2By this gospel you are saved, if you hold firmly to the word I preached to you. Otherwise, you have believed in vain.
3For what I received I passed on to you as of first importance: that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures, 4that He was buried, that He was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures, 5and that He appeared to Cephas† and then to the Twelve. 6After that, He appeared to more than five hundred brothers at once, most of whom are still living, though some have fallen asleep. 7Then He appeared to James, then to all the apostles.
as to one of untimely birth: This phrase...
as to one of untimely birth: This phrase can refer to a miscarriage or stillbirth. Here it might describe the unusual way Paul converted, the negative view some opponents had of his role as an apostle, or his own feelings of unworthiness to be an apostle. The main focus is on God's extraordinary grace to Paul, who once persecuted Christ’s followers (see Galatians 1:13; Philippians 3:6; compare Acts 8:3; 9:1–2).
He appeared to me also: Paul met the risen Christ during his conversion (see 1 Corinthians 9:1; Acts 9:3–6; Galatians 1:15–16).
as to one of untimely birth: This phrase can refer to a miscarriage or stillbirth. Here it might describe the unusual way Paul converted, the negative view some opponents had of his role as an apostle, or his own feelings of unworthiness to be an apostle. The main focus is on God's extraordinary grace to Paul, who once persecuted Christ’s followers (see Galatians 1:13; Philippians 3:6; compare Acts 8:3; 9:1–2).
He appeared to me also: Paul met the risen Christ during his conversion (see 1 Corinthians 9:1; Acts 9:3–6; Galatians 1:15–16).
8And last of all He appeared to me also, as to one of untimely birth.
9For I am the least of the apostles and am unworthy to be called an apostle, because I persecuted the church of God. 10But by the grace of God I am what I am, and His grace to me was not in vain. No, I worked harder than all of them—yet not I, but the grace of God that was with me. 11Whether, then, it was I or they, this is what we preach, and this is what you believed.
The Resurrection of the Dead
The resurrection of Jesus proves that a future...
The resurrection of Jesus proves that a future resurrection is real.
Paul argues for a future resurrection.
Paul argues for a future resurrection.
12But if it is preached that Christ has been raised from the dead, how can some of you say that there is no resurrection of the dead? 13If there is no resurrection of the dead, then not even Christ has been raised.
If Christ did not rise from the dead,...
If Christ did not rise from the dead, then the Christian faith is pointless. However, Jesus’ resurrection proves that His sacrifice completely atoned for human sins (see 15:3). Without Christ's resurrection, people remain unforgiven and under God's judgment, still guilty of their sins (see Romans 3:19; Ephesians 2:1–3).
14And if Christ has not been raised, our preaching is worthless, and so is your faith. 15In that case, we are also exposed as false witnesses about God. For we have testified about God that He raised Christ from the dead, but He did not raise Him if in fact the dead are not raised.
16For if the dead are not raised, then not even Christ has been raised. 17And if Christ has not been raised, your faith is futile; you are still in your sins. 18Then those also who have fallen asleep in Christ have perished. 19If our hope in Christ is for this life alone, we are to be pitied more than all men.
The Order of Resurrection
20But Christ has indeed been raised from the dead, the firstfruits of those who have fallen asleep.
Adam's sin contrasts with Christ's resurrection (compare 15:45–49).
Adam's sin contrasts with Christ's resurrection (compare 15:45–49).
21For since death came through a man, the resurrection of the dead comes also through a man. 22For as in Adam all die, so in Christ all will be made alive. 23But each in his own turn: Christ the firstfruits; then at His coming, those who belong to Him.
Christ is the Lord of everything, including death....
Christ is the Lord of everything, including death. However, he is still under the authority of God, his Father.
24Then the end will come, when He hands over the kingdom to God the Father after He has destroyed all dominion, authority, and power. 25For He must reign until He has put all His enemies under His feet. 26The last enemy to be destroyed is death. 27For “God has put everything under His feet.”† Now when it says that everything has been put under Him, this clearly does not include the One who put everything under Him. 28And when all things have been subjected to Him, then the Son Himself will be made subject to Him who put all things under Him, so that God may be all in all.
29If these things are not so, what will those do who are baptized for the dead? If the dead are not raised at all, why are people baptized for them?
The apostles risked their lives because they believed...
The apostles risked their lives because they believed in life after death. Without resurrection, their suffering would be meaningless.
30And why do we endanger ourselves every hour? 31I face death every day, brothers, as surely as I boast about you in Christ Jesus our Lord. 32If I fought wild beasts in Ephesus for human motives, what did I gain? If the dead are not raised,
“Let us eat and drink,for tomorrow we die.”†33Do not be deceived: “Bad company corrupts good character.”† 34Sober up as you ought, and stop sinning; for some of you are ignorant of God. I say this to your shame.
The Resurrection Body
Paul talks about what resurrection bodies are like,...
Paul talks about what resurrection bodies are like, possibly answering doubts. In the Greco-Roman world, people often believed the soul was immortal, but not that the body could rise again.
35But someone will ask, “How are the dead raised? With what kind of body will they come?” 36You fool! What you sow does not come to life unless it dies.
Just as a plant's shape does not look...
Just as a plant's shape does not look like its seed, the seed still determines the plant's growth. Similarly, the resurrection body will differ from the current body but will still be recognizable as the same person.
37And what you sow is not the body that will be, but just a seed, perhaps of wheat or something else. 38But God gives it a body as He has designed, and to each kind of seed He gives its own body.
39Not all flesh is the same: Men have one kind of flesh, animals have another, birds another, and fish another.
Everything God has made has its own glory....
Everything God has made has its own glory. This means each thing has its own beauty and greatness. The resurrection body will also be different. It will not be like anything else.
40There are also heavenly bodies and earthly bodies. But the splendor of the heavenly bodies is of one degree, and the splendor of the earthly bodies is of another. 41The sun has one degree of splendor, the moon another, and the stars another; and star differs from star in splendor.
Resurrection bodies will be very different from our...
Resurrection bodies will be very different from our mortal bodies, just as plants differ from the seeds they grow from.
42So will it be with the resurrection of the dead: What is sown is perishable; it is raised imperishable. 43It is sown in dishonor; it is raised in glory. It is sown in weakness; it is raised in power. 44It is sown a natural body; it is raised a spiritual body. If there is a natural body, there is also a spiritual body.
Just as Christ's life-giving Spirit goes beyond natural...
Just as Christ's life-giving Spirit goes beyond natural life, the spiritual body will replace the physical body.
Adam and Christ created two different groups of...
Adam and Christ created two different groups of people. One group is natural and earthly, bound by sin and death. The other group is spiritual and heavenly, cleansed and meant for life. Adam symbolizes the natural, physical body, while Christ represents the spiritual, resurrected body. See also 15:21–22; Romans 5:12–21.
45So it is written: “The first man Adam became a living being”;† the last Adam a life-giving spirit.
46The spiritual, however, was not first, but the natural, and then the spiritual. 47The first man was of the dust of the earth, the second man from heaven. 48As was the earthly man, so also are those who are of the earth; and as is the heavenly man, so also are those who are of heaven. 49And just as we have borne the likeness of the earthly man, so also shall we bear the likeness of the heavenly man.
Where, O Death, Is Your Victory?
50Now I declare to you, brothers, that flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God, nor does the perishable inherit the imperishable.
51Listen, I tell you a mystery: We will not all sleep, but we will all be changed— 52in an instant, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet. For the trumpet will sound, the dead will be raised imperishable, and we will be changed. 53For the perishable must be clothed† with the imperishable, and the mortal with immortality.
54When the perishable has been clothed with the imperishable and the mortal with immortality,† then the saying that is written will come to pass: “Death has been swallowed up in victory.”†
55“Where, O Death, is your victory?Where, O Death, is your sting?”†56The sting of death is sin, and the power of sin is the law. 57But thanks be to God, who gives us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ!
58Therefore, my beloved brothers, be steadfast and immovable. Always excel in the work of the Lord, because you know that your labor in the Lord is not in vain.