Acts

Read this book by chapter and explore its background.

Purpose To describe the spread of the good news of Jesus Christ and the formation of the church from Jerusalem throughout the Roman world
Author Luke, a physician and occasional companion of the apostle Paul
Date Likely between the early 60s AD and the mid-80s AD. The events recorded in Acts end in the early 60s, but a commonly held view suggests that it was written later, presuming that Luke’s Gospel used the Gospel of Mark as a source. The Gospel of Mark was likely written in the late 60s
Setting Written during a time when the good news of Jesus had spread throughout the Mediterranean world and it had become evident that God’s salvation extended to both Jews and gentiles (non-Jewish people)

Overview Article

The book of Acts has a central role in the New Testament: It connects Jesus with the emerging Christian community, and the Gospels with the rest of the New Testament. It frames the proclamation of the Christian message in both Jewish and Gentile settings and underscores the key roles of Peter and Paul in the spread of the Good News throughout the Mediterranean. It is the story of a dynamic message with an outreach to all.

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Key People, Places, and Terms

Themes

The Growth of the Church 33 The book of Acts describes the church's growth after the day of Pentecost. Initially, the church increased in numbers. After Jesus' ascension to heaven, only 120 Christians attended the first prayer meeting to seek di... The Good News Message 31 The apostles shared the good news about Jesus (or "gospel") in a specific order, with these parts: The Old Testament promises came true through Jesus Christ's life, death, and resurrection. Persecution 25 Persecution refers to systematic mistreatment, harassment, or oppression of an individual or group because of their identity, beliefs, or practices. In religious contexts specifically, persecution involves the targeti... Baptism 24 Baptism has been a key part of Christianity since it began ( Acts 2:38 ). In Judaism, "baptism" and "baptize" referred to a religious cleansing ceremony. The law of Moses required water to cleanse people from ceremoni... The Holy Spirit’s Presence 22 The book of Acts emphasizes the presence and power of the Holy Spirit. Before the Spirit came, Jesus spoke about the Spirit's influence on his followers ( 1:8 ; see John 14:15–17 , 26 ; 15:26 ; 16:7–15 ). The Spirit c... Visions 17 Visions are similar to other experiences of God's revelation, like dreams ( Genesis 37:5–10 ; 40:5–19 ). Classic examples include the prophet Ezekiel’s vision of the valley of dry bones and the prophet Isaiah’s vision... The Holy Spirit’s Work 16 Different New Testament writers emphasized various aspects of the Holy Spirit's work. The apostle John, for example, emphasized the Spirit's role as a teacher and revealer of God's thoughts and ways ( John 14:17 , 26... Angels 16 In the Bible, angels are God's messengers who carry out his plans and tell his will to humans ( Genesis 16:7–12 ; Numbers 22:22–34 ; Judges 13:3–21 ; 2 Kings 1:3 , 15 ; Zechariah 1:4–12 ). The Hebrew Old Testament and...
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Miracles 13 Miracles often happened in the Bible. They were especially common during the time of Moses and the ministries of Elijah, Elisha, Jesus, and his apostles. The Bible does not try to prove miracles. It just reports them.... The Resurrection of Jesus 13 The Bible clearly describes how Jesus physically rose from the dead through God's power. However, many other explanations have been suggested: Jesus did not actually die. He fainted and later woke up in a cold tomb. S... Following Jesus 13 The Gospels (books about Jesus's life) were written to help people understand and accept Jesus' invitation to follow him by "taking up their cross." This invitation is not just for Jesus' closest followers, called apo... The Gift of Prophecy 12 As the apostle Peter stated on the day of Pentecost, prophecy was a result of God's Holy Spirit poured out ( Acts 2:17–21 ; see Joel 2:28–32 ). The book of Acts mentions a few Christian prophets ( Acts 11:27–28 ; 13:1... Circumcision in the New Testament 11 Circumcision, which is the removal of the male foreskin, was common in the ancient Near East (see Jeremiah 9:25–26 ). For Jews, it held religious importance as a sign of the covenant (special agreement) God made with... Church Leaders 10 The first church gatherings were spontaneous and God's spirit gave gifts in a special way (see 1 Corinthians 14:26–33 ). The apostles generally led the Christian communities along with the elders in Jerusalem ( Acts 6... The Messiah 9 The Greek word christos has the same meaning as the Hebrew word mashiakh. It means "anointed one" (or "chosen one"). Both words translate as "Messiah" or "Christ." In the Bible, the Messiah is someone chosen by God fo... The Grace of God 9 Grace is an important word in the Bible. It shows God's kindness and favor. It is often related to how he saves those who do not deserve it. The New Testament emphasizes that grace came through Jesus Christ ( John 1:1... Jews and Gentiles (Non-Jews) 8 A key theme of the New Testament is that God has included non-Jewish people (called gentiles) in his people while keeping his promises to Israel. In Romans 11:11–32 , the apostle Paul explains God's plan to save all n... Paul’s Role as an Apostle 8 To understand Paul's role as an apostle of Jesus Christ, a good place to read is the description in the second letter to the Corinthians. In this letter, Paul shares the core of his ministry. Paul was God's special me... Miraculous Signs in the Gospel of John 8 The Gospels use three words to describe Jesus' miraculous works. In Matthew, Mark, and Luke, the Greek word dunamis means "power." It describes an act of raw force that amazes people and makes them realize that God is... Praise and Rejoicing in Luke–Acts 8 In Luke's Gospel, those who receive God's grace praise him for his wonderful acts ( Luke 1:44 , 46 , 64 , 68 ; 2:13 , 38 ; 5:25–26 ; 7:16 ; 13:13 ; 17:15–18 ; 18:43 ; 19:37 ; 24:53 ). In the book of Acts, praise follo...

Related Articles

Outline

Use of the Old Testament in Acts

60 quotations from 11 Old Testament books

Total quotations 60
Connected books 11
Most-connected book Psalms 16

All References

Acts OT Passage Compare
Acts 1:20 Psalm 69:25
Compare
OT Text
  • May their place be deserted; let there be no one to dwell in their tents.
NT Text
  • May his place be deserted; let there be no one to dwell in it,’ and
Acts 1:20 Psalm 109:8
Compare
OT Text
  • May his days be few; may another take his position.
NT Text
  • be deserted; let there be no one to dwell in it,’ and, ‘May another take his position
Acts 2:17 Joel 2:28
Compare
OT Text
  • And afterward, I will pour out My Spirit on all people. Your sons and daughters will prophesy, your old men will dream dreams, your young men will see visions.
NT Text
  • In the last days, God says, I will pour out My Spirit on all people. Your sons and daughters will prophesy, your young men will see visions, your old men will dream dreams
Acts 2:18 Joel 2:29
Compare
OT Text
  • Even on My menservants and maidservants, I will pour out My Spirit in those days.
NT Text
  • Even on My menservants and maidservants I will pour out My Spirit in those days, and
Acts 2:19 Joel 2:30
Compare
OT Text
  • I will show wonders in the heavens and on the earth, blood and fire and columns of smoke.
NT Text
  • I will show wonders in the heavens above and signs on the earth below, blood and fire and billows of smoke
Acts 2:20 Joel 2:31
Compare
OT Text
  • The sun will be turned to darkness and the moon to blood before the coming of the great and awesome Day of the LORD.
NT Text
  • The sun will be turned to darkness, and the moon to blood, before the coming of the great and glorious Day of the Lord
Acts 2:21 Joel 2:32
Compare
OT Text
  • And everyone who calls on the name of the LORD will be saved; for on Mount Zion and in Jerusalem there will be deliverance, as the LORD has promised, among the remnant called by the LORD.
NT Text
  • And everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved
Acts 2:25 Psalm 16:8
Compare
OT Text
  • I have set the LORD always before me. Because He is at my right hand, I will not be shaken.
NT Text
  • I saw the Lord always before me; because He is at my right hand, I will not be shaken
Acts 2:26 Psalm 16:9
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OT Text
  • Therefore my heart is glad and my tongue rejoices; my body also will dwell securely.
NT Text
  • Therefore my heart is glad and my tongue rejoices; my body also will dwell in hope
Acts 2:27 Psalm 16:10
Compare
OT Text
  • For You will not abandon my soul to Sheol, nor will You let Your Holy One see decay.
NT Text
  • because You will not abandon my soul to Hades, nor will You let Your Holy One see decay
Acts 2:28 Psalm 16:11
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OT Text
  • You have made known to me the path of life; You will fill me with joy in Your presence, with eternal pleasures at Your right hand.
NT Text
  • You have made known to me the paths of life; You will fill me with joy in Your presence
Acts 2:30 Psalm 132:11
Compare
OT Text
  • The LORD swore an oath to David, a promise He will not revoke: “One of your descendants I will place on your throne.
NT Text
  • that He would place one of his descendants on his throne
Acts 2:31 Psalm 16:10
Compare
OT Text
  • For You will not abandon my soul to Sheol, nor will You let Your Holy One see decay.
NT Text
  • that He was not abandoned to Hades, nor did His body see decay
Acts 2:34–35 Psalm 110:1
Compare
OT Text
  • The LORD said to my Lord: “Sit at My right hand until I make Your enemies a footstool for Your feet.”
NT Text
  • David did not ascend into heaven, but he himself says: ‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at My right hand until I make Your enemies a footstool for Your feet
Acts 3:13 Exodus 3:6
Compare
OT Text
  • Then He said, “I am the God of your father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.” At this, Moses hid his face, for he was afraid to look at God.
NT Text
  • The God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, the God of our fathers, has glorified His servant Jesus
Acts 3:13 Exodus 3:15
Compare
OT Text
  • God also told Moses, “Say to the Israelites, ‘The LORD, the God of your fathers—the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob—has sent me to you.’ This is My name forever, and this is how I am to be remembered in every generation.
NT Text
  • The God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, the God of our fathers, has glorified His servant Jesus
Acts 3:22 Deuteronomy 18:15–16
Compare
OT Text
  • The LORD your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among your brothers. You must listen to him. This is what you asked of the LORD your God at Horeb on the day of the assembly, when you said, “Let us not hear the voice of the LORD our God or see this great fire anymore, so that we will not die!”
NT Text
  • The Lord your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among your brothers. You must listen to Him in everything He tells
Acts 3:23 Leviticus 23:29
Compare
OT Text
  • If anyone does not humble himself on this day, he must be cut off from his people.
NT Text
  • Everyone who does not listen to Him will be completely cut off from among his people
Acts 3:23 Deuteronomy 18:19
Compare
OT Text
  • And I will hold accountable anyone who does not listen to My words that the prophet speaks in My name.
NT Text
  • Everyone who does not listen to Him will be
Acts 3:25 Genesis 12:3
Compare
OT Text
  • I will bless those who bless you and curse those who curse you; and all the families of the earth will be blessed through you.”
NT Text
  • Through your offspring all the families of the earth will be blessed
Acts 3:25 Genesis 22:18
Compare
OT Text
  • And through your offspring all nations of the earth will be blessed, because you have obeyed My voice.”
NT Text
  • Through your offspring all the families of the earth will be blessed
Acts 4:11 Psalm 118:22–23
Compare
OT Text
  • The stone the builders rejected has become the cornerstone. This is from the LORD, and it is marvelous in our eyes.
NT Text
  • the stone you builders rejected, which has become the cornerstone
Acts 4:24 Exodus 20:11
Compare
OT Text
  • For in six days the LORD made the heavens and the earth and the sea and all that is in them, but on the seventh day He rested. Therefore the LORD blessed the Sabbath day and set it apart as holy.
NT Text
  • Sovereign Lord,” they said, “You made the heaven and the earth and the sea and everything in them
Acts 4:24 Nehemiah 9:6
Compare
OT Text
  • You alone are the LORD. You created the heavens, the highest heavens with all their host, the earth and all that is on it, the seas and all that is in them. You give life to all things, and the host of heaven worships You.
NT Text
  • Sovereign Lord,” they said, “You made the heaven and the earth and the sea and everything in them
Acts 4:24 Psalm 146:6
Compare
OT Text
  • the Maker of heaven and earth, the sea, and everything in them. He remains faithful forever.
NT Text
  • Sovereign Lord,” they said, “You made the heaven and the earth and the sea and everything in them
Acts 4:25–26 Psalm 2:1–2
Compare
OT Text
  • Why do the nations rage and the peoples plot in vain? The kings of the earth take their stand and the rulers gather together, against the LORD and against His Anointed One:
NT Text
  • the mouth of Your servant, our father David: ‘Why do the nations rage and the peoples plot in vain The kings of the earth take their stand and the rulers gather together against the Lord and against His Anointed One
Acts 7:3 Genesis 12:1
Compare
OT Text
  • Then the LORD said to Abram, “Leave your country, your kindred, and your father’s household, and go to the land I will show you.
NT Text
  • and told him, ‘Leave your country and your kindred and go to the land I will show you
Acts 7:6 Genesis 15:13
Compare
OT Text
  • Then the LORD said to Abram, “Know for certain that your descendants will be strangers in a land that is not their own, and they will be enslaved and mistreated four hundred years.
NT Text
  • that his descendants would be foreigners in a strange land, and that they would be enslaved and mistreated four hundred years
Acts 7:7 Genesis 15:14
Compare
OT Text
  • But I will judge the nation they serve as slaves, and afterward they will depart with many possessions.
NT Text
  • But I will punish the nation that enslaves them,’ God said, ‘and afterward they will come forth and
Acts 7:7 Exodus 3:12
Compare
OT Text
  • “I will surely be with you,” God said, “and this will be the sign to you that I have sent you: When you have brought the people out of Egypt, all of you will worship God on this mountain.”
NT Text
  • and afterward they will come forth and worship Me in this place
Acts 7:18 Exodus 1:8
Compare
OT Text
  • Then a new king, who did not know Joseph, came to power in Egypt.
NT Text
  • Then another king, who knew nothing of Joseph, arose over Egypt
Acts 7:27–28 Exodus 2:14
Compare
OT Text
  • But the man replied, “Who made you ruler and judge over us? Are you planning to kill me as you killed the Egyptian?” Then Moses was afraid and thought, “This thing I have done has surely become known.”
NT Text
  • But the man who was abusing his neighbor pushed Moses aside and said, ‘Who made you ruler and judge over us Do you want to kill me as you killed the Egyptian yesterday
Acts 7:30 Exodus 3:2
Compare
OT Text
  • There the angel of the LORD appeared to him in a blazing fire from within a bush. Moses saw the bush ablaze with fire, but it was not consumed.
NT Text
  • an angel appeared to Moses in the flames of a burning bush
Acts 7:32 Exodus 3:6
Compare
OT Text
  • Then He said, “I am the God of your father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.” At this, Moses hid his face, for he was afraid to look at God.
NT Text
  • I am the God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.’ Moses trembled with fear and did not dare to look
Acts 7:32 Exodus 3:15
Compare
OT Text
  • God also told Moses, “Say to the Israelites, ‘The LORD, the God of your fathers—the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob—has sent me to you.’ This is My name forever, and this is how I am to be remembered in every generation.
NT Text
  • I am the God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.’ Moses trembled with fear and did not dare to look
Acts 7:33 Exodus 3:5
Compare
OT Text
  • “Do not come any closer,” God said. “Take off your sandals, for the place where you are standing is holy ground.”
NT Text
  • said to him, ‘Take off your sandals, for the place where you are standing is holy ground
Acts 7:35 Exodus 2:14
Compare
OT Text
  • But the man replied, “Who made you ruler and judge over us? Are you planning to kill me as you killed the Egyptian?” Then Moses was afraid and thought, “This thing I have done has surely become known.”
NT Text
  • with the words, ‘Who made you ruler and judge
Acts 7:37 Deuteronomy 18:15
Compare
OT Text
  • The LORD your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among your brothers. You must listen to him.
NT Text
  • God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among your brothers
Acts 7:40 Exodus 32:1
Compare
OT Text
  • Now when the people saw that Moses was delayed in coming down from the mountain, they gathered around Aaron and said, “Come, make us gods who will go before us. As for this Moses who brought us up out of the land of Egypt, we do not know what has happened to him!”
NT Text
  • Make us gods who will go before us! As for this Moses who led us out of the land of Egypt, we do not know what has happened to him
Acts 7:40 Exodus 32:23
Compare
OT Text
  • They told me, ‘Make us gods who will go before us. As for this Moses who brought us up out of the land of Egypt, we do not know what has happened to him!’
NT Text
  • Make us gods who will go before us! As for this Moses who led us out of the land of Egypt, we do not know what has happened to him
Acts 7:42 Amos 5:25
Compare
OT Text
  • Did you bring Me sacrifices and offerings forty years in the wilderness, O house of Israel?
NT Text
  • and gave them over to the worship of the host of heaven, as it is written in the book of the prophets: ‘Did you bring Me sacrifices and offerings forty years in the wilderness, O house of Israel
Acts 7:43 Amos 5:26–27
Compare
OT Text
  • You have taken along Sakkuth your king and Kaiwan your star god, the idols you made for yourselves. Therefore I will send you into exile beyond Damascus,” says the LORD, whose name is the God of Hosts.
NT Text
  • You have taken along the tabernacle of Molech and the star of your god Rephan, the idols you made to worship. Therefore I will send you into exile beyond Babylon
Acts 7:49 Isaiah 66:1
Compare
OT Text
  • This is what the LORD says: “Heaven is My throne, and earth is My footstool. What kind of house will you build for Me? Or where will My place of repose be?
NT Text
  • Heaven is My throne and the earth is My footstool. What kind of house will you build for Me, says the Lord, or where will My place of repose be
Acts 7:50 Isaiah 66:2
Compare
OT Text
  • Has not My hand made all these things? And so they came into being,” declares the LORD. “This is the one I will esteem: he who is humble and contrite in spirit, who trembles at My word.
NT Text
  • Has not My hand made all these things
Acts 8:32 Isaiah 53:7
Compare
OT Text
  • He was oppressed and afflicted, yet He did not open His mouth. He was led like a lamb to the slaughter, and as a sheep before her shearers is silent, so He did not open His mouth.
NT Text
  • He was led like a sheep to the slaughter, and as a lamb before the shearer is silent, so He did not open His mouth
Acts 8:33 Isaiah 53:8
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OT Text
  • By oppression and judgment He was taken away, and who can recount His descendants? For He was cut off from the land of the living; He was stricken for the transgression of My people.
NT Text
  • In His humiliation He was deprived of justice. Who can recount His descendants? For His life was removed from the earth
Acts 13:22 1 Samuel 13:14
Compare
OT Text
  • But now your kingdom will not endure; the LORD has sought a man after His own heart and appointed him ruler over His people, because you have not kept the command of the LORD.”
NT Text
  • their king and testified about him: ‘I have found David son of Jesse a man after My own heart; he
Acts 13:22 Psalm 89:20
Compare
OT Text
  • I have found My servant David; with My sacred oil I have anointed him.
NT Text
  • their king and testified about him: ‘I have found David son of Jesse a man after My own heart; he
Acts 13:33 Psalm 2:7
Compare
OT Text
  • I will proclaim the decree spoken to Me by the LORD: “You are My Son; today I have become Your Father.
NT Text
  • You are My Son; today I have become Your Father
Acts 13:34 Isaiah 55:3
Compare
OT Text
  • Incline your ear and come to Me; listen, so that your soul may live. I will make with you an everlasting covenant— My loving devotion promised to David.
NT Text
  • never to see decay. As He has said: ‘I will give you the holy and sure blessings promised to David
Acts 13:35 Psalm 16:10
Compare
OT Text
  • For You will not abandon my soul to Sheol, nor will You let Your Holy One see decay.
NT Text
  • You will not let Your Holy One see decay
Acts 13:41 Habakkuk 1:5
Compare
OT Text
  • “Look at the nations and observe— be utterly astounded! For I am doing a work in your days that you would never believe even if someone told you.
NT Text
  • Look, you scoffers, wonder and perish! For I am doing a work in your days that you would never believe, even if someone told
Acts 13:47 Isaiah 49:6
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OT Text
  • He says: “It is not enough for You to be My Servant, to raise up the tribes of Jacob, and to restore the protected ones of Israel. I will also make You a light for the nations, to bring My salvation to the ends of the earth.”
NT Text
  • I have made you a light for the Gentiles, to bring salvation to the ends of the earth
Acts 14:15 Exodus 20:11
Compare
OT Text
  • For in six days the LORD made the heavens and the earth and the sea and all that is in them, but on the seventh day He rested. Therefore the LORD blessed the Sabbath day and set it apart as holy.
NT Text
  • God, who made heaven and earth and sea and everything in them
Acts 14:15 Nehemiah 9:6
Compare
OT Text
  • You alone are the LORD. You created the heavens, the highest heavens with all their host, the earth and all that is on it, the seas and all that is in them. You give life to all things, and the host of heaven worships You.
NT Text
  • God, who made heaven and earth and sea and everything in them
Acts 14:15 Psalm 146:6
Compare
OT Text
  • the Maker of heaven and earth, the sea, and everything in them. He remains faithful forever.
NT Text
  • God, who made heaven and earth and sea and everything in them
Acts 15:16 Amos 9:11
Compare
OT Text
  • “In that day I will restore the fallen tent of David. I will repair its gaps, restore its ruins, and rebuild it as in the days of old,
NT Text
  • and rebuild the fallen tent of David. Its ruins I will rebuild, and I will restore it
Acts 15:17 Amos 9:12
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OT Text
  • that they may possess the remnant of Edom and all the nations that bear My name,” declares the LORD, who will do this.
NT Text
  • so that the remnant of men may seek the Lord, and all the Gentiles who are called by My name, says the Lord who does these things
Acts 23:5 Exodus 22:28
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OT Text
  • You must not blaspheme God or curse the ruler of your people.
NT Text
  • I was not aware that he was the high priest, for it is written: ‘Do not speak evil about the ruler of your people
Acts 28:26–27 Isaiah 6:9–10
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OT Text
  • And He replied: “Go and tell this people, ‘Be ever hearing, but never understanding; be ever seeing, but never perceiving.’ Make the hearts of this people calloused; deafen their ears and close their eyes. Otherwise they might see with their eyes, hear with their ears, understand with their hearts, and turn and be healed.”
NT Text
  • You will be ever hearing but never understanding; you will be ever seeing but never perceiving For this people’s heart has grown callous; they hardly hear with their ears, and they have closed their eyes. Otherwise they might see with their eyes, hear with their ears, understand with their hearts, and turn, and I would heal them