Small shovel, firepan

A priest with a firepan tends the incense altar in the temple
A priest with a firepan tends the incense altar in the temple (Image generated by ChatGPT using OpenAI technology)

Description and usage

The firepan was used to move or turn coals on the altar and to carry them to the altar of incense for other purposes (see Incense altar).


Translation

It has been suggested that the Hebrew word machtah also designated a special container for holding the holy fire while the altar was being cleaned or when the Tabernacle was being moved. This would make it a kind of “fire receptacle.” Translators may also express this as “container for carrying away the hot ashes.”

In some of the references listed above, the word machtah is associated with the burning of incense (LEV 10:1; NUM 16:6; NUM 16:17; NUM 16:18). Where a specific word for “censer” exists, it may be used in these passages, although care should be taken that the word does not suggest a modern censer. A more general word for “firepan” is also acceptable, since it seems that in most of the references listed above the word machtah refers to an implement that was used for carrying coals onto which incense was placed sometimes see also Incense altar and Censer.

A bronze firepan or incense shovel (Roman, late 1st–early 2nd c. CE)
A bronze firepan or incense shovel (Roman, late 1st–early 2nd c. CE) (Metropolitan Museum of Art, CC0, MMA)
In EXO 25:38; EXO 37:23; and NUM 4:9 the machtah is associated with the lampstand (see Lampstand, menorah). Some versions still translate it “firepans” in those places (REB, NJPSV), while others say “trays” (RSV, GNT, NIV). In either case, it is not clear what purpose the mach­tah served in connection with the lampstand. The object described and illustrated here could have served multiple purposes.

Scripture References (17)

Leviticus

1 Kings

2 Kings

2 Chronicles

Jeremiah